I’m trying to study for my Psychology course and I need some help to understand this question.
Book: http://www.bud.ooo/download/9781506357355.pdf
Find answer from: Chapter 8 –Seeing Our Futures
QUESTION 1
1.Your text discusses a case explained by Ellen Goodman, who uses the phrase “time bulimic.” What is this a reference to?
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a. |
People who waste time by procrastinating. |
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b. |
People who are not productive. |
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c. |
People who take up a lot of others’ time. |
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d. |
People who have difficulties in maintaining time commitments. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 2
1.What is at the core of the concept of self-efficacy?
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a. |
The view that good things will happen to you. |
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b. |
An understanding that a bad outcome is subjective. |
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c. |
Analyzing one’s capability to reach their desired goal. |
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d. |
A belief that you can accomplish what you want. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 3
1.Which of the following statements best describes the social cognitive perspective?
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a. |
Humans affect their environment as much as their environment affects them. |
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b. |
Humans are largely shaped by environmental forces. |
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c. |
Humans actively shaped their lives rather than passively reacting to environmental forces. |
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d. |
Human cognition is greater determined of our outcomes than our behaviors are. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 4
1.Which of the following people is most likely to fall victim to stereotype threat?
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a. |
A woman who is applying to get a math scholarship. |
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b. |
A man who must write a paper for his sociology class. |
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c. |
A woman who will give a speech at her high school graduation. |
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d. |
A man who is taking an IQ test. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 5
1.What can be concluded from studies on the cultural differences in rating performance on math?
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a. |
The complexity of culture makes it difficult to understand academic performance. |
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b. |
Culture is a factor in both the type of persuasion someone receives and modeling available. |
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c. |
People from Western cultures have low self-efficacy due to a lack of similar models. |
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d. |
Individuals from Eastern cultures continue to have higher self-efficacy even when performing poorly. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 6
1.Which two factors does the career counseling self-efficacy scale measure?
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a. |
general self-efficacy and academic self-efficacy |
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b. |
social self-efficacy and psychological self-efficacy |
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c. |
learned self-efficacy and inherent self-efficacy |
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d. |
a counselor’s confidence in helping clients who have difficulties with career decisions |
0.5 points
QUESTION 7
1.What is the underlying factor that Betz and colleagues had in mind when developing self-efficacy scales?
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a. |
career decisions |
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b. |
parental involvement |
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c. |
academic investment |
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d. |
perceived confidence |
0.5 points
QUESTION 8
1.Which of the following people exemplifies characteristics that high levels of situation-specific self-efficacy can predict?
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a. |
Someone who has increased their happiness. |
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b. |
Someone who has low levels of anxiety. |
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c. |
Someone who has a lower pain tolerance. |
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d. |
Someone who is unlikely to become divorced. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 9
1.What is negatively correlated with elevated self-efficacy?
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a. |
unhealthy behaviors |
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b. |
effective study skills |
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c. |
amount of exercise |
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d. |
health-related behaviors |
0.5 points
QUESTION 10
1.Which term is defined as the extent to which we believe we can work together effectively to accomplish our shared goals?
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a. |
collective self-efficacy |
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b. |
general self-efficacy |
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c. |
individual self-efficacy |
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d. |
specific self-efficacy |
0.5 points
QUESTION 11
1.What is the basis of the theory of learned optimism?
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a. |
Optimism is the belief that good rather than bad things will happen. |
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b. |
People make attributions or explanations about the things that happen to them. |
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c. |
When a route is blocked, people find alternate pathways to their goals. |
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d. |
People succeed when they believe in their capabilities to produce desired effects. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 12
1.Which type of attributions do optimists tend to make for negative outcomes?
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a. |
internal, stable, and specific |
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b. |
external, variable, and specific |
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c. |
internal, variable, and global |
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d. |
external, stable, and global |
0.5 points
QUESTION 13
1.Children who experience trauma and parental divorce are likely to have what type of explanatory style?
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a. |
pessimism |
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b. |
hope |
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c. |
despair |
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d. |
optimism |
0.5 points
QUESTION 14
1.Which of the following traits has been shown to be a good predictor of satisfaction in interpersonal relationships?
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a. |
wisdom |
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b. |
hope |
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c. |
learned optimism |
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d. |
self-efficacy |
0.5 points
QUESTION 15
1.Why was The Life Orientation Test (LOT) revised?
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a. |
It overlapped with neuroticism. |
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b. |
Adequate construct validity was not established. |
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c. |
People who scored highly on the LOT also scored highly on the hope scale. |
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d. |
It measured the same construct as the ASQ. |
0.5 points
QUESTION 16
1.Based on research about problem-solving and optimism in different cultures, who is most likely to demonstrate greater problem-solving skills while being pessimistic?
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a. |
a native American individual |
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b. |
an African-American individual |
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c. |
a Chinese-American individual |
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d. |
a Caucasian-American individual |
0.5 points
QUESTION 17
1.People who use energetic personal self-talk statements such as “I will keep going” are using which trait?
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a. |
self-esteem |
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b. |
optimism |
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c. |
subjective well-being |
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d. |
agency |
0.5 points
QUESTION 18
1.In childhood, what is considered crucial in imparting hope?
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a. |
academic achievement |
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b. |
strong attachment |
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c. |
financial stability |
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d. |
having good friends |
0.5 points
QUESTION 19
1.Lopez explains how hope is created from memories, which involves the ______.
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a. |
amygdala |
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b. |
hypothalamus |
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c. |
hippocampus |
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d. |
prefrontal cortex |
0.5 points
QUESTION 20
1.Native Americans, Latinos, African-Americans, and Asian Americans tend to perceive time in a way where many things are conceptualized as happening at once with people, which is called ______.
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a. |
polychromic |
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b. |
polysequential |
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c. |
polychromatic |
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d. |
polytemporal |
